Archive for the ‘Wings’ Category

Hung the flaps

Wednesday, December 28th, 2005

Lots of progress today. First I primed and attached the aileron gap seals:

All these rivets can be reached with the squeezer and the longeron yoke, which made it a piece of cake. The gap seals themselves are made of pretty thin material (0.020" I think) but when they're riveted in place they add a ton of stiffness to the overhanging edge of the upper skin.

Then it was on to the flaps. I used Dan Checkoway's temporary rivet method of securing the flap brace while drilling the flap hinge. You can read it on pages 8 through 10 of this pdf file.

First I drilled eight additional 3/32" holes through the bottom wing skin and the mating flange of the flap brace, along the pre-drilled rivet line. These holes I countersunk for NAS1097 rivets (used because they have smaller heads than normal AN426 rivets) on the inward side of the flap brace flange, and the preexisting holes on that flange of the flap brace were countersunk on the outward side to accept the dimples in the bottom skin.

The idea is that you put temporary rivets in the additional holes, to hold the flap brace in alignment with the skin while you clamp and drill the hinge. The flush heads of these temporary rivets are on the inward side so the hinge can lay flat against the flap brace:

When the hinge is completely drilled, the temporary rivets are drilled out and the skin is countersunk to accept another NAS1097 oriented with the flush head outward. For now though, the shop heads protrude outside the wing.

The forward half of the flap hinge is the clamped to the wing, with one cleco clamp on either end. Although it's tight, you actually can get the clamp onto the outboard end if you insert it into position before you bring in the flap. The two halves of the flap hinge are pinned together so as to eliminate any possibility for the hinge line to come out crooked (which would prevent smooth operation of the flap). The gap between the aileron and flap is set at 1/4" per the plans – I just juggled things around until a drill bit of the appropriate size fit snugly between the two control surfaces.

Once everything is lined up, you match drill through the prepunched holes in the skin into the hinge. It helps to have a compact and patient building partner. Mary stood between the wings and pressed on the hinge with a piece of wood to keep it from bowing outward from the pressure of the drill:

Five or six dozen holes later, the first flap is hung:

I used a straightedge to ensure that the alignment between the trailing edges of the flap and aileron would come out even for both wings:

Plenty of edge distance on both hinges. Some people wind up having to use a wider -P4 hinge instead of the supplied -P3 hinge stock in order to end up with enough material between the edge and the rivet holes, but mine came out okay.

Both flaps are hung:

Tomorrow I'll cut the hinges to length, drill out the temporary rivets, prime the flap braces, and permanently attach the braces and hinges to the wing.

Misc wing work

Wednesday, December 21st, 2005

Not much progress since the weekend. I fitted, drilled, deburred, and dimpled the aileron gap seals, but it's been too cold and dark to prime them. That means I can't progress to hanging the flaps, because the ailerons have to be hung to do that, and I want to get the gap seals on permanently first. And, I'm waiting on all my lights and electrical junk to arrive from Van's, so I can't work on that stuff either. So, I've mostly been hanging around. I redid the safety wire on the autopilot roll servo, and generally cleaned up the workbench. Oh, I also made these dimple test strips for use later, e.g. for countersinking the flap brace and in other places:

I plan to get a lot of work done between Chrismas and New Year's, if fate is kind.

Hung the right aileron / Installed roll servo

Sunday, December 18th, 2005

This morning I got the right aileron installed, which took about half the time that I spent on the other aileron yesterday. That's about typical for these sorts of tasks. Just imagine how fast my next RV will go together.

Then I pulled the TruTrak roll servo out of its box and went about installing it in the right wing. The plans included with my servos are specific to the RV-7 install kit, which made it simple to locate the right place to drill the hole for the control arm:

Here's the servo temporarily mounted in its home. The arm on the servo swings the aileron bellcrank by way of a short pushrod. I used AN970 fat washers in more places than is called for in the TruTrak instructions, just to make sure that the autopilot pushrod won't come loose and jam the controls if one of the rod-end bearings comes apart. Preventing jammed controls is a good thing.

In the photos below, all three pushrods are hooked up. You can see that even at either end of the available range of travel, the servo control arm comes nowhere close to going over-center. Since that could lock up the ailerons if it happened in flight, this is also a good thing.

Luckily the servo brackets are anodized, because it was too cold and snowy to prime anything today. Before calling it quits I secured the bolts that go into the tapped holes in the servo with safety wire and Loctite, and lubricated both aileron bellcrank bushings with whatever weight of Aeroshell is in my grease gun (#14, I think) before installing them permanently. I was going to start in on the pitot tube, but the order from Van's I placed last Monday still hasn't arrived, and I was counting on having the angle stock from that order to mount the pitot mast. Oh well.

Update: Oops, I realized later today that I have to finish the aileron gap seals before I can permanently mount the ailerons. So, off they came. No big deal, it's only a five minute job to remove them, and not too much more to put them back on now that all the attach hardware and spacers are fitted.

Actually, now that I think about it, there's really no point in permanently attaching the ailerons just yet. The control surfaces can stay in the storeroom until I really need them. Okay, well at least I'll have the aileron gap seals and flap braces to work on while I wait on the next visit from the UPS man.

Hung the left aileron

Saturday, December 17th, 2005

First order of business today was to rivet on the remaining aileron hinge bracket. You can see where I repaired the enlarged rivet hole with a 5/32" rivet (left side in this photo).

Then I pulled the left aileron out of the airplane parts storeroom:

Pretty much the only thing you have to do to these quickbuild ailerons is to drill and bolt on these pivot brackets. I used a #14 drill followed by a 3/16 reamer to get a slop-free fit on all the bolts.

Each end of the aileron is captured by a bolt and a collection of washers or spacers. These photos are for future reference in case I need to remove the aileron. In the first photo the pivot looks crooked because the other end wasn't in place yet. Once both pivot bolts are in place everything lines up perfectly.

I swear it took me an hour to get all these washers in place. It looks simple but everything is very close together and when you slip or mess up, all your little pieces wind up on the floor.

I clamped a straightedge along the tooling holes in the aft rib and used it to get the aileron alignment in the ballpark. The rigging will be adjusted later on by shortening or lengthening one or more pushrods to get everything into perfect alignment.

Here's a shot of the aileron bellcrank with all the pushrods hooked up. The foam rubber is just there temporarily to protect the spar when the aileron counterweight tries to slam it into the full-up position.

After this step was completed, I made Mary come watch me stand at the root end of the wing and make the aileron go up and down by manipulating the pushrod. Fun.

Tomorrow's project will be doing the same series of steps for the right aileron, which will be slightly complicated by the presence of the autopilot roll servo.

Completed aileron pushrods

Thursday, December 15th, 2005

Here are the completed W-716 long aluminum aileron pushrods, with ends blind riveted in place:

And here are the completed W-818 short steel pushrods, with ends welded in place by local EAA guru Ken Perkins. Since the welding process took off some of the powder coat, I primed these parts with my usual GBP-988 and then topcoated them with Rustoleum enamel (machine grey) to prevent rust.

With the pushrods complete I started to work on the aileron bellcranks. Here's how I went about shortening the brass bushings that the bellcranks ride on – I chucked them gently in the drill press (with tape to protect from scratches) and ran them down onto a file until they fit:

Ran out of time to work tonight, but I'll hit it hard this weekend. Thanks to Ken for helping me weld up the aileron pushrods. No thanks to UPS, though: I received a shipment of strobe parts for the wings from Aircraft Spruce today, including one that had a cracked lens. Now I'll have to go through the hassle of return/replace.